Traditional scholarship on how ancient civilizations emerged is outmoded and new insights call for revision.
According to the well-established paradigm, Mesopotamia is considered the cradle of civilization.
Following the cliche of ex oriente lux (light from the East) all major achievements of humankind spread from the Middle East.
Modern archaeology, cultural science and historical linguistics indicate civilizations did not originate from a single prototype.
Several models produced dive.
Mcfarland & Company Advancement in ancient civilizations: life, culture, science and thought, paperback/harald haarmann
