In 1906 President Theodore Roosevelt summarily discharged 167 black soldiers of the 25th Infantry without honor, without trial and without due process.
It was the only instance of mass punishment in the history of the regular U.
The men were, in fact, innocent of any wrongdoing in what became known as the Brownsville (TX) Incident.
Yet they had to live the rest of their lives with the shame and disgrace leveled upon them.
In his memoir, The Brownsville Texas Incident of 1906:.