Cities are often seen as symbols of order: the existence of city walls, fortified gates, palaces, temples, roads and public institutions is interpreted as indicating the existence of a central authority that plans and controls the city.
On the other hand, the very same cities are also seen as symbols of chaos, disorder and spontaneous growth.
| Order | The existence of city walls fortified gates palaces temples roads and public institutions is interpreted as indicating the existence of a central authority that plans and controls the city |
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Edition Axel Menges Tokyo. a metropolis as a self organizing system, hardback/wolf-dieter gericke
